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November 23, 2024
11 min read
M.O. Therapy Team
Treatment Techniques

Manual Therapy Techniques Explained

Understand manual therapy including joint mobilization, manipulation, and soft tissue techniques. Learn how hands-on treatment can help your pain.

manual therapyjoint mobilizationmanipulationhands-on treatmentphysiotherapy

Manual therapy is the foundation of many physiotherapy, chiropractic, and massage treatments. These hands-on techniques have been used for centuries and continue to be refined based on modern research. At M.O. Therapy in Markham, manual therapy is a core component of our treatment approach.

What Is Manual Therapy?

Definition

Manual therapy refers to skilled hands-on techniques used by healthcare practitioners to assess and treat musculoskeletal conditions. It includes various approaches targeting joints, muscles, and soft tissues.

Goals of Manual Therapy

Primary Objectives:

  • Reduce pain
  • Improve mobility
  • Restore function
  • Facilitate movement
  • Support active treatment

Types of Manual Therapy

Joint Mobilization

What It Is: Graded oscillatory movements applied to joints to restore normal motion and reduce pain.

Grades of Movement:

  • Grade I-II: Small oscillations, primarily for pain relief
  • Grade III-IV: Larger movements at end range, for mobility
  • Applied within joint's normal range

Effects:

  • Reduces joint stiffness
  • Improves range of motion
  • Decreases pain
  • Normalizes joint mechanics

Common Applications:

  • Stiff spinal segments
  • Limited joint mobility
  • Post-injury restrictions
  • Arthritic joints

Joint Manipulation

What It Is: High-velocity, low-amplitude thrust applied to a joint, often producing an audible "pop" or "crack."

The Sound:

  • Gas release from joint fluid
  • Not bones cracking
  • Not required for benefit
  • Often associated with relief

Effects:

  • Rapid mobility improvement
  • Pain reduction
  • Neurological effects
  • Muscle relaxation

When Used:

  • Appropriate joint restriction
  • Patient suitable for technique
  • Practitioner trained and licensed
  • Specific indications met

Soft Tissue Mobilization

What It Is: Techniques targeting muscles, tendons, ligaments, and fascia to reduce tension and improve tissue health.

Types:

  • Myofascial release
  • Trigger point therapy
  • Deep tissue massage
  • Scar tissue mobilization
  • Cross-friction massage

Effects:

  • Reduces muscle tension
  • Improves tissue extensibility
  • Breaks adhesions
  • Enhances blood flow
  • Decreases pain

Muscle Energy Techniques (MET)

What It Is: Patient actively contracts muscles against practitioner resistance in specific positions.

How It Works:

  • Activates specific muscles
  • Uses neurological reflexes
  • Followed by stretching or mobilization
  • Patient participates actively

Applications:

  • Improving range of motion
  • Correcting alignment
  • Reducing muscle tension
  • Restoring muscle balance

Neural Mobilization

What It Is: Techniques that move and stretch nerves to reduce tension and improve neural mobility.

When Used:

  • Nerve tension symptoms
  • Radiating pain patterns
  • Numbness and tingling
  • Post-injury neural restriction

Effects:

  • Improves nerve gliding
  • Reduces neural sensitivity
  • Decreases referred symptoms
  • Enhances function

How Manual Therapy Works

Mechanisms

Mechanical Effects:

  • Tissue stretching
  • Joint motion restoration
  • Adhesion breakdown
  • Alignment changes

Neurological Effects:

  • Pain gate modulation
  • Reflex muscle relaxation
  • Central nervous system effects
  • Proprioceptive input

Physiological Effects:

  • Increased blood flow
  • Reduced inflammation
  • Tissue healing support
  • Chemical changes

The Research

Evidence Supports:

  • Short-term pain relief
  • Improved range of motion
  • Enhanced function
  • Best when combined with exercise

Important Note: Manual therapy works best as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes active exercise and self-management.

Conditions Treated

Spinal Conditions

Common Applications:

  • Neck pain and stiffness
  • Low back pain
  • Mid-back tension
  • Facet joint dysfunction
  • Disc-related symptoms
  • Headaches of cervical origin

Extremity Conditions

Joints Treated:

  • Shoulder impingement/stiffness
  • Elbow conditions
  • Wrist and hand problems
  • Hip restrictions
  • Knee stiffness
  • Ankle mobility issues

Soft Tissue Conditions

Commonly Treated:

  • Muscle strains
  • Tendinopathy
  • Fascial restrictions
  • Scar tissue
  • Chronic tension

What to Expect

Assessment First

Before Treatment:

  • Thorough history
  • Physical examination
  • Movement assessment
  • Identification of appropriate techniques
  • Explanation of plan

During Treatment

The Session:

  • Positioned comfortably
  • Techniques applied systematically
  • Communication throughout
  • Adjusted to your response
  • Combined with other treatments

After Treatment

Common Experiences:

  • Immediate improvement often
  • Temporary soreness possible
  • Increased mobility
  • Reduced pain
  • Progressive improvement

Safety Considerations

When Manual Therapy Is Appropriate

Safe When:

  • Performed by trained practitioners
  • Appropriate patient selection
  • Contraindications observed
  • Technique matched to condition
  • Patient informed and consenting

Contraindications

Avoid or Modify For:

  • Fractures
  • Severe osteoporosis
  • Active infections
  • Malignancy
  • Inflammatory conditions (acute)
  • Vascular problems
  • Some neurological conditions

Side Effects

Possible But Usually Mild:

  • Temporary soreness
  • Fatigue
  • Minor bruising (soft tissue)
  • Temporary symptom increase

Manual Therapy vs. Other Treatments

Manual Therapy vs. Exercise

Not Either/Or:

  • Both are important
  • Manual therapy facilitates exercise
  • Exercise maintains gains
  • Combined approach optimal

Manual Therapy vs. Medication

Advantages:

  • No medication side effects
  • Addresses mechanical causes
  • Active involvement
  • Long-term skills development

Appropriate Roles:

  • Can reduce medication need
  • Complementary approaches
  • Discuss with healthcare team

The Role of Active Treatment

Why Exercise Matters

Critical Component:

  • Maintains improvements
  • Builds strength
  • Prevents recurrence
  • Long-term solution

Home Program

Typical Prescription:

  • Exercises to do at home
  • Self-mobilization techniques
  • Stretches
  • Strengthening exercises

Manual Therapy at M.O. Therapy

Our Approach

Comprehensive Care:

  • Thorough assessment
  • Individualized treatment
  • Combination of techniques
  • Active rehabilitation focus

Our Practitioners

Trained Professionals:

  • Physiotherapists
  • Chiropractors
  • Massage therapists
  • Specialized training
  • Evidence-based practice

What We Offer

Techniques Available:

  • Joint mobilization
  • Manipulation (when appropriate)
  • Soft tissue techniques
  • Neural mobilization
  • Integrated approach

Frequently Asked Questions

Is manual therapy painful? It shouldn't be severely painful. Some techniques may cause mild discomfort, which should be temporary. Always communicate with your practitioner about your comfort level.

How many sessions will I need? This varies by condition. Many patients notice improvement within 4-6 sessions. Chronic conditions may require longer treatment. We'll reassess and adjust as needed.

What's the popping sound during manipulation? The sound is caused by gas bubbles releasing from joint fluid—not bones cracking. It's not required for the treatment to be effective.

Can I do manual therapy techniques on myself? Some self-mobilization techniques can be taught for home use. However, professional assessment and treatment provide benefits that self-treatment cannot replicate.

Experience Expert Manual Therapy

Our team at M.O. Therapy in Markham provides skilled manual therapy as part of comprehensive care.

Contact Us:

  • Call (905) 201-5827
  • Book online
  • Direct billing available

Let experienced hands help you move and feel better.

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